| 1936 |
Petrus (Peter) Josephus Wilhelmus Debye | "for his contributions to our knowledge of molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and on the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases" |
| 1937 |
Walter Norman Haworth | "for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C" |
| 1937 |
Paul Karrer | "for his investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B2" |
| 1938 |
Richard Kuhn | "for his work on carotenoids and vitamins" |
| 1939 |
Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt | "for his work on sex hormones" |
| 1939 |
Leopold Ruzicka | "for his work on polymethylenes and higher terpenes" |
| 1943 |
George de Hevesy | "for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes" |
| 1944 |
Otto Hahn | "for his discovery of the fission of heavy nuclei" |
| 1945 |
Artturi Ilmari Virtanen | "for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method" |
| 1946 |
James Batcheller Sumner | "for his discovery that enzymes can be crystallized" |
| 1946 |
John Howard Northrop | "for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form" |
| 1946 |
Wendell Meredith Stanley | "for their preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form" |
| 1947 |
Sir Robert Robinson | "for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids" |
| 1948 |
Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius | "for his research on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for his discoveries concerning the complex nature of the serum proteins" |
| 1949 |
William Francis Giauque | "for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures" |
| 1950 |
Otto Paul Hermann Diels | "for their discovery and development of the diene synthesis" |
| 1950 |
Kurt Alder | "for their discovery and development of the diene synthesis" |
| 1951 |
Edwin Mattison McMillan | "for their discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements" |
| 1951 |
Glenn Theodore Seaborg | "for their discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements" |
| 1952 |
Archer John Porter Martin | "for their invention of partition chromatography" |
| 1952 |
Richard Laurence Millington Synge | "for their invention of partition chromatography" |
| 1953 |
Hermann Staudinger | "for his discoveries in the field of macromolecular chemistry" |
| 1954 |
Linus Carl Pauling | "for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances" |
| 1955 |
Vincent du Vigneaud | "for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone" |
| 1956 |
Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood | "for their researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions" |
| 1956 |
Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov | "for their researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions" |
| 1957 |
Lord (Alexander R.) Todd | "for his work on nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes" |
| 1958 |
Frederick Sanger | "for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin" |
| 1959 |
Jaroslav Heyrovsky | "for his discovery and development of the polarographic methods of analysis" |
| 1960 |
Willard Frank Libby | "for his method to use carbon-14 for age determination in archaeology, geology, geophysics, and other branches of science" |
| 1961 |
Melvin Calvin | "for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants" |
| 1962 |
Max Ferdinand Perutz | "for their studies of the structures of globular proteins" |
| 1962 |
John Cowdery Kendrew | "for their studies of the structures of globular proteins" |
| 1963 |
Karl Ziegler | "for their discoveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers" |
| 1963 |
Giulio Natta | "for their discoveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers" |
| 1964 |
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin | "for her determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances" |